Résultats de la recherche | Moodle Sciences Po Lille (2024)

Examining the transformations of the US news media,this course addresses some of the challenges that the current “hybrid system”poses for journalistic practice and citizens’ relationship to politics. Using ahistorical lens, it analyzes the uniqueness of the US media model and exploresthe successive shifts in media regimes from the “Golden Age of Broadcast News”to the present day.

Starting from the premise that the media logics of thedigital age only exacerbate the systemic flaws of the media model, the courseaddresses some key current issues and themes such as excessive commercialism,deregulation and concentration of ownership, the crisis of journalism andjournalistic norms, the platformization of news, news deserts and the crisis oflocal media, disinformation and viral deception, the nature and effects of“outrage programming,” and antimedia politics under Trump.

Descriptif d’enseignement / Course descriptions

Cyclemaster
Semestre

Titre du cours - Course title

Approches critiques de la villedurable

Type decours : Séminaire

Enseignant(s) – Professor(s)

Jérôme Boissonade

Maitre de conférences HDR en sociologie

Contact: jboisson@msh-paris.fr

Résumé du cours – Objectifs - Course description – Targets

Alors même que leseffets de la crise environnementale actuelle se montrent de plus en plusprégnants, peut-on critiquer la ville durable ou dite “en transition” ? Surquels appuis reposent les critiques qui leurs sont faites ? Que peut-onconstruire à partir de ces critiques ?

Le cours tente derépondre à ces trois questions en s’attachant à repérer les difficultés, lesambiguïtés et les apories de ces notions. Elles saturent en effetl’argumentation et les représentations développées par les acteurs publics etprivés qui ont en charge notre espace quotidien, ses flux et sestransformations.

Cette démarche n’arien d’évident, tant l’injonction morale liée aux problèmes environnementauxmajeurs auxquels nous devons faire face, nous impose de ne pas discuter lamanière de les appréhender, essentiellement climatique, et la solutionproposée, celle d’une transition vue essentiellement sous l’angle énergétique.Les critiques, lorsqu’elles existent, portent en général sur la distance quisépare les notions de développement durable ou de transition telles qu’ellesont été définies par leurs initiateurs et leur mise en œuvre, jugée déficientepar rapport à ces idéaux. Pourtant, les écarts par rapport à ces idéaux sontrévélateurs des rapports de force qui traversent à la fois les principesinitiaux de la durabilité et de la transition, et les multiples déclinaisons desprojets urbains qui s’en revendiquent.

Résumé de l’atelier

Les connaissancesthéoriques apportées pendant le cours seront discutées et mises à l’épreuvetout au long du semestre, lors d’un atelier qui permettra d’acquérir un certainnombre d'outils méthodologiques pour la gestion de projets en situationprofessionnelle.

La question desdimensions urbaines de la transition écologique et sociale est le fil rouge de cetatelier.

Le site d'étude seraDunkerque, pour plusieurs raisons :

- Un contexte urbainparticulier (ville ouvrière et balnéaire reconstruite en grande partie après ladeuxième guerre mondiale),

- Un terrain trèssensible aux questions de transition écologique (risques industriels et desubmersion marine notamment),

- Une ambitionpolitique ancienne liée au développement durable (écologie industrielle,tarification de l’eau écologique et sociale) et plus récente liée auxpolitiques de mobilité (gratuité des transports)

Nous travaillerons enlien avec trois ateliers de l’École d’architecture de Lille (Damien Antoni, DidierDebarge et Philippe Rizzotti) aux thématiques croisées et complémentaires quiintéressent principalement :

- le travail enville et la logistique,

- l’innovationsociale,

- la constructiondécarbonée.

Nous avions souhaitél’an dernier interroger les problèmes d’inégalités écologiques et sociales àRoubaix, en nous confrontant directement au projet de rénovation urbaine duquartier de l’Épeule, à ses techniques, ses acteurs et en produisant avec lesétudiant·e·s de l’école d’architecture un projet alternatif, irrigué par lesmilieux et les pratiques existantes de ses habitants, ses usagers, sestravailleurs, etc., susceptibles de favoriser à terme la soutenabilité de cequartier populaire.

Le contexte deprojet de Dunkerque est marqué par des inégalités socio-économiques au sein dela communauté urbaine, mais aussi et surtout par sa vulnérabilitéenvironnementale et sociale. Il s’agira donc, en partenariat avec lesdifférents groupes mixtes étudiant·e·s en architecture-Sciences Po., de participerà la définition de l’orientation, de la programmation, de l’inscription de projetsà différentes échelles (quartier, ville, territoire, etc.) qui soit à la mesuredes enjeux soulevés et des équilibres qui sous-tendent la vie de ses habitants etfavorise une soutenabilité à la hauteur des enjeux environnementaux et sociauxactuels.

Préparation de l’atelier

Avant le début descours, la semaine du 12 septembre est une semaine intensive lors de laquelleles étudiant.es de l'école d'architecture vont préparer l'atelier. Lesétudiant·e·s de Sciences Po. participeront aux journées du 14 à Dunkerque(transport financé par la formation) et du 15 septembre à l’Écoled’architecture de Lille, consacrée le mercredi à la présentation des terrains pressentispar la Communauté Urbaine de Dunkerque et le jeudi à la méthode commune de fabricationdes problématiques.

Il est fortementconseillé que les étudiant.es du cours “Approches critiques de la villedurable” participent à ces deux journées. Cela leur permettra en effet, d’êtreintégrés dans les groupes qui vont se constituer à cette occasion.

Attendus

Le but pratique decet atelier est de confronter les étudiant·e·s à une double réalité:

· Un terrain concret

· Un rôle d’aide à la décision

Cela implique untravail partenarial avec l’école d’architecture, dans lequel les étudiant·e·sde Sciences Po. doivent produire des livrables appropriables par leurshom*ologues de l’école d’architecture.

Pour que ceslivrables soient appropriables, il faudra mettre en évidence les enjeux, lesrepères, les contradictions, les problèmes, etc., et élaborer des propositionsalternatives dont ils et elles pourront se saisir pour les traduire avec vousen questions spatiales.

Le livrableintermédiaire sera un “Document de stabilisation de la problématique et de ladémarche de projet” d’une page A4 rédigée par chaque groupe.Ce premier document ne sert pas d’évaluation. Il a pour but de préparer lasoutenance intermédiaire et comprendra les informations suivantes :

1.Présentation dela problématique retenue par le groupe (une seule question avec un pointd’interrogation)

2.Présentation des“pièces écrites” : explicitation des intentions du projet qui contribuent àrépondre à la problématique

3.Présentation des“pièces graphiques” : explicitation des liens entre le ou les projets présentéset les intentions indiquées dans les “pièces écrites” (explicitation uniquementpar écrit dans un premier temps sur la page A4 et avec les supports graphiqueslors de la présentation orale)

4.Exposé éventueldes interrogations concernant les réponses apportées aux deux points précédents

5.Exposé desdifficultés restant à surmonter et des pistes à approfondir

L’exposé oralreprend chaque point exposé sur la page A4, avec les supports graphiques enplus.

Le livrable finalsera un “Document réflexif d’aide àla décision” de dix pages rédigé par chacun des groupes:

· La première partie actualise et développe les quatrepremiers points du livrable intermédiaire

· La deuxième partie met en relation les éléments vus encours concernant les APPROCHES CRITIQUES de la ville durable avec lespréoccupations du groupe de travail mixte

· La troisième partie revient sur le travail d’appropriationet de traduction qui a été nécessaire de la part des un.e.s et des autres pourobtenir un résultat collectif le meilleur possible.

Fabrication de la problématique

a.Formulation de laquestion générale (ex.: "Comment la requalification de telle partiedu quartier pourrait-elle tenir compte des pratiques existantes dans cequartier ?")

b.Formulation deplusieurs hypothèses de réponse à cette question (formulées sans savoir si cesréponses sont correctes)

c.Choix d’une seuleréponse (parce qu’elle vous semble plus intéressante ou pertinente que lesautres, compte-tenu de vos possibilités d’enquête, des spécificités duquartier, de vos compétences dans le groupe, du cadrage de votre projet par lesenseignants, etc.)

d.Transformation decette réponse en question (avec un point d’interrogation). C’est cettequestion, beaucoup plus précise que votre question générale de départ, qui seravotre PROBLÉMATIQUE.

e.Si vous pensezque cette problématique est encore trop large, considérez-la comme une questiongénérale et refaites un cycle de problématisation.

Évaluation - Assessment

Contrôle terminal : “Documentd’aide à la décision” élaboré au cours de l’atelier

Contrôle continu :Présence et participation au cours et à l’atelier

Plan – Séances - Course outline

La semaine du 12sept. est une semaine intensive lors de laquelle les étudiant·e·s de l'écoled'architecture vont préparer l'atelier.

Mercredi 14 septembre: visite du site à Dunkerque avec les étudiant·e·s del’école d’architecture

Jeudi 15 septembre: fabrication des problématiques précises de chaquegroupe d'étudiant·e·s mixte (Sc.Po.&archis).

Il est indispensable que les étudiant·e·s du cours“Approches critiques de la ville durable” participent à ces deux journées ets’intègrent aux groupes qui vont se constituer à cette occasion.

Dates des séances d’atelier communes avec l’écoled’architecture (ENSAPL) :

·Jeudi17 novembre 2021 13h (à l’écoled’architecture) : Séance de travail en présence des enseignantsavec une présentationde l’état de la réflexion de chacun des groupes de l’école d’architecture -Sciences Po.

· Vendredi 16 décembre 2021 9h (à l’école d’architecture) Soutenance:présentation par chaque groupe mixte des “Documentsd’aide à la décision”par Sc. Po. (10 min.), puis des projets par l’ENSAPL (10min.)

Séance du 22 septembre(1^èreséance après celles des 14 et 15 sept. de la semaine intensive):

· Présentationde l’atelier

· Explicitationdu livrable, des attentes vis-à-vis du travail en commun et des critèresd’évaluation (exemple de rendu réussi pour mieux comprendre les objectifs)

Bibliographie - Bibliography:

Approches! (Ung K., GayetL.), L’urbanisme transitoire: évaluer les impacts sociaux et sur leprojet urbain, PUCA, 2019

Arab N., L’activité de projet dans l’aménagement urbain.Processus d’élaboration et modes de pilotage: Les cas de la ligne B du tramwaystrasbourgeois et d’Odysseum à Montpellier [Thèse, Marne-la-vallée, ENPC], 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ENPC0032

Arab N., «Pour unethéorie du projet en urbanisme», Revue Européenne Des SciencesSociales, 56–1, 219–240, 2018. URL : https://doi.org/10.4000/ress.4050

BarcaS., «Sur l'écologie de la classe ouvrière : un aperçu historique ettransnational», Écologie & politique, 50(1), 2015

BeschonM., « Euroméditerranée : faire la ville sans ses habitants ?. Les aménageurs etleurs contradictions », Métropolitiques, 2021. URL : https://metropolitiques.eu/Euromediterranee-faire-la-ville-sans-ses-habitants.html

Boltanski L., De la critique. Précis de sociologie de l’émancipation, Paris, Gallimard « NRF Essais », 2009.

Breynat S., Cohen M., Gabriel D., Plaidoyer pour Villeneuve.Pouvoir d’agir et planification démocratique face à la rénovation urbaine del’Arlequin, PUCA,2015

CallonM.,LascoumesP.etBartheY.,Agirdansunmondeincertain.Essaisurladémocratietechnique,Paris,Seuil2001.

Cefaï D. et Trom D. (dir.), Les formes de l’action collective. Mobilisations dans des arènes publiques, Paris, Editions de l’EHESS, Collection « Raisons pratiques », 2001.

ChalasY., «L'imaginaire aménageur ou le complexe de Noé», Les Annalesde la recherche urbaine, N°42, 1989. URL : https://www.persee.fr/doc/aru_0180-930x_1989_num_42_1_1446

Chateauraynaud F., Debaz J., Aux bords de l’irréversible. Sociologie pragmatique des transformations, Paris, Petra, 2017.

Collectif,Villes contre multinationales, Ed. RITIMO, 2020

CollectifRosa Bonheur, La ville vue d’en bas. Travail et production de l’espacepopulaire, Éditions Amsterdam, 2019.

Criticat,Dossier ville durable, Numéro 11, 2013.

Crompton A., “Inside co-production: Stakeholdermeaning and situated practice”. Social Policy &Administration, 53(2), 219–232, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1111/spol.12466

Dardot P., Laval C., Commun. Essai sur la révolution au XXe siècle, Paris, La Découverte, 2014.

Diemer A., « Qu’est-ce que l’écologie politique ? », in Diemer A., Figuière C. et Pradel M., Écologie politique vs écologie industrielle, Paris, Œconomica, 2013, p.11-64.

Flinders M., Wood M., “Ethnographic insights intocompeting forms of co-production: A case study of the politics of street treesin a northern English city”. Social Policy & Administration, 53(2), 279–294,2019. URL : https://doi.org/10.1111/spol.12484

FrèreS., Flanquart H., La ville et ses risques : habiter Dunkerque, PressesUniversitaires du Septentrion, coll. Environnement et société, 2017.

Galuszka J., “What makes urban governanceco-productive? Contradictions in the current debate on co-production". PlanningTheory, 18(1), 143–160, 2019. URL : https://doi.org/10.1177/1473095218780535

Galuszka J., “Co-Production as a Driver of UrbanGovernance Transformation? The Case of the Oplan LIKAS Programme in MetroManila, Philippines”. Planning Theory & Practice,20(3), 395–419, 2019. URL : https://doi.org/10.1080/14649357.2019.1624811

Godard O., « De la pluralité des ordres – Les problèmes d'environnement et de développement durable à la lumière de la théorie de la justification », Géographie, économie, société 3/2004 (Vol. 6), p. 303-330.

IRI, «Territoire Apprenant Contributif », Rapport d’activité 2017-2018, PlaineCommune (téléchargeable)

LefebvreH., Critique de la vie quotidienne, tome 2, L'arche, 1962

McMullin C., “Coproduction and the third sector inFrance: Governmental traditions and the French conceptualization of participation”.Social Policy & Administration, 53(2), 295–310, 2019. URL : https://doi.org/10.1111/spol.12482

Moretto L., Ranzato M., “A socio-naturalstandpoint to understand coproduction of water, energy and waste services”. UrbanResearch & Practice, 10(1), 1–21, 2017. URL : https://doi.org/10.1080/17535069.2016.1201528

PauchonA., La régulation de la coproduction publique et privée des projetsd’urbanisme à dominante résidentielle [Thèse de doctorat en Aménagement etUrbanisme]. Paris-Est-Sup, 2021.

TalpinJ., « Une répression à bas bruit. Comment les élus étouffent les mobilisationsdans les quartiers populaires », Métropolitiques, 2016. URL : https://metropolitiques.eu/Une-repression-a-bas-bruit-Comment-les-elus-etouffent-les-mobilisations-dans.html

Thévenot L., Lafaye C., « Une justification écologique? Conflits dans l’aménagement de la nature », Revue française de Sociologie, 1993.

Watson V., “Co-production and collaboration inplanning – The difference”. Planning Theory & Practice, 15(1),62–76, 2014. URL : https://doi.org/10.1080/14649357.2013.866266

Plan de cours

Introduction

a.Qu’est-ce qu’un projet urbain?

b.La ville durable est-elle une croyance ?

c.La ville durable est-elle un mot d’ordre ?

d.La ville durable est-elle un concept ?

e.Les difficultés de la critique

1.Les modèles de l’urbanisme durable

a.Urbain et architecture vernaculaires

b.Hygiénisme (milieu du 19^e siècle:Haussmann et Cerdà)

c.Culturalisme (fin 19^e siècle:Howard)

d.Progressisme (début 20^esiècle:Le Corbusier)

e.Ville durable (fin 20^e siècle:Charte d’Aalborg)

f.La ville durable: une rupture partielle

g. Échappées : Biomimétisme vs (S)low city

2. Habiterla transition

a. Les échelles de la ville durable

b. L’exemple du “Vivre ensemble”

c. Question sociale, question urbaine,question environnementale

3. Questionset typologies des critiques de la ville durable

a. Obstacles épistémologiques et biaisméthodologiques

b. Typologie des courants critiques

1)Le tournant duGrenelle de l’environnement

2)Les sources descritiques de la ville durable

3)Les personnagescritiques de la ville durable

4.Les critiques de la ville durable: approche morale et rapports de force

a.Les appuis de la critique

b.Approchemorale

1)Le travail de justification

2)Y a-t-il un modèle de justification écologique ?

3)Les processus critiques

4)Une mise en justice impossible

c.Approche en termes de rapports de forces

Conclusion: Alternatives ? !

La sociologie, «science desphénomènes sociaux» (Académie française) et plus exactement science desphénomènes sociaux humains et de l’individu dans la société, est devenue unediscipline incontournable des «sciences sociales». Dans un institutd’études politiques, il est donc logique d’étudier les bases de la sociologieau 1^er semestre de la 1^ère année, en même temps que ledroit, l’économie, l’histoire et la science politique qui sont les quatrepiliers de votre scolarité.En 18 heures, ce cours se donnel’ambition de faire comprendre ce qui caractérise la sociologie en tant quescience et rassemble tous les sociologues au-delà des courants nombreux quicontinuent d’y exister. Souvent considérée comme une discipline de«champs» (les «sociologies de»: de l’éducation,des inégalités, de la pauvreté, du sport, de la santé, etc.), il convient decommencer par comprendre la sociologie dans ce qui fait son unité pour aborderplus tard dans votre scolarité les méthodes des sciences sociales (en 2^eannée) et des champs plus spécifiques (en cours de transverses en 2^eannée, dans vos établissem*nts de mobilité internationale en 3^eannée ou au sein de vos futurs masters).

Ce cours propose une introductionaux grands thèmes et enjeux de l’écologie politique en suivant l’évolution, aucours du XXe siècle, des courants et des mobilisationspolitiques qui ont émergé en réaction à la dégradation des milieux naturels, àla transformation de la place de l’homme dans la nature, et à la criseécologique globale.

Le cours s’appuie sur des sourcesissues majoritairement de la sociologie et de la science politique, tout enproposant des incursions dans d’autres disciplines des sciences humaines etsociales, s’inscrivant ainsi dans le courant des humanités environnementales.

This semester willrevolve around the topic of American politics, which will be divided into threemain areas of study

First, we will studyAmerican Founding and Federalism.In this part of the course, we will begin by examining the foundations of the United States. This includes a close look at the American founding, which involves the historical events and philosophical ideas that shaped the nation. We will explore the United States Constitution, understand its significance, and how it establishes a federal system of government. The focus will be on how this system of government impacts the distribution of power between the federal government and individual states, and the implications of this division for American politics.

Second, we will examineAmerican Political Structures and Institutions.Moving on, we will dive into the core political structures and institutions that govern the United States. This section will encompass a study of Congress, the legislative branch responsible for making laws, as well as the presidency, which is the executive branch and its role in shaping policies. Additionally, we will examine the judiciary, exploring its functions and its impact on the interpretation and enforcement of laws. We will also delve into the intricate process of law-making, gaining insights into how policies and laws are formulated and implemented in the American political landscape.

Third, we will explore American Political Behavior and Institutions. In the final weeks of the semester, our focus will shift to the behavior of American citizens and how they interact with political institutions. This section will explore a wide range of topics, including the act of voting, its significance, and the factors that influence it. We will delve into the dynamics of political parties and their role in shaping American politics. Interest groups and their influence on policymaking will also be examined. Additionally, we will explore public opinion and how it impacts political decision-making. This section will also cover the role of identity in politics, the influence of media on public perception and political discourse, and the pressing issue of inequality within the American political system.

Throughout thesemester, we will analyze these areas of study to gain a comprehensiveunderstanding of American politics, from its historical roots to itscontemporary dynamics, and how various elements interact to shape the politicallandscape in the United States

Plan de cours etbibliographie

Chapitre I. Le cadre historique de lavie politique

I. Qu’est-ce quela vie politique?

II. Aucommencement était le clivage…

A. Leclivage, division inévitable?

B. Le clivage gauche-droite,invention française

1. L’origine : laRévolution française

2. Le sens d’unclivage

III. La naissancedu système actuel: 1962

A. Etat des lieux avant la révisionconstitutionnelle

B. La révision: les effets

ChapitreII. Origines et évolution du système de partis actuel

I. Les gauches degouvernement

A. Le PCF

B. De la SFIO au PS

C. LFI ou le retour d’une gaucheradicale?

II. Les droites etle centre

A. Le gaullisme

B. Les Libéraux

C. Les recompositions ducentre-droit

D. Lerassemblement: l’UMP

III. Les forceshors-système

A. L’extrême-droite

B. L’écologisme

C. L’extrême-gauche

Conclusion:Emmanuel Macron, le clivage et après?

I. Qu’en est-il duclivage gauche-droite?

II. Comment setraduit le clivagesur la scène politique ?

Bibliographie

-Bernstein Serge,La France de l’expansion, tome 1, La République gaullienne, 1958-1969,Paris, Seuil, 1989.

-Bernstein Sergeet Rioux Jean-Pierre, La France de l’expansion, t. 2, L’apogée Pompidou, 1969-1974, Paris,Seuil, coll. Points Histoire, 1995, 332 p.

-CautresBruno et muxel Anne (dir.), Histoired’une révolution électorale (2015-2018), Paris, Garnier, coll«Classiques», 2019

-ChapsalJacques, La vie politique sous la VeRépublique, Paris, PUF, coll. Thémis

-CharlotJean, Les partis politiques, Paris,Armand Colin, coll. U2, 1971

-CharlotJean, La politique en France, éd. deFallois, 1994, coll. «Le livre de poche»

-ChevallierJean-Jacques, Carcassonne Guy et Duhamel Olivier, La Ve République 1958-2001, Histoire des institutions et des régimespolitiques de la France, Paris, Armand Colin, 9ème éd., 2001

-ChevallierJean-Jacques, Carcassonne Guy, Duhamel Olivier et Benetti Julie, Histoire de la VeRépublique 1958-2017, Paris, Dalloz, 2017

-Garrigues Jean(dir.), La France de la Vème République1958-2008, Paris, Armand Colin, 2008

- Le Digol Christophe,Gauche-droite: la fin d’unclivage? Sociologie d’une révolution symbolique, Lormont, Le bord del’eau, 2018

-PortelliHugues, La vie politique sous la VeRépublique, Paris, Grasset, 1987

-PortelliHugues, La Ve République, Paris,Grasset, 1994

- Raynaud Philippe, Emmanuel Macron.Une révolution bien tempérée, Paris, Desclée de Brouwer, 2018

-RémondRené, Notre siècle (1918-1991),Paris, Fayard, seconde édition, 1991

La vie politique en France,Paris, Fayard, 2002

-Sirinelli Jean-François(dir.), Dictionnaire historique de la viepolitique française au XXème siècle, Paris, PUF, 2003

- Sirinelli Jean-François, Vie et survie de la Ve République,Paris, Odile Jacob, 2018

-TeilletPhilippe, Jours de la CinquièmeRépublique, Grenoble, PUG, 2011

-Thevenon Gilleset Jal Jean-Philippe, Les partis politiques: vie politiquefrançaise, Paris, Chronique sociale, 2014, coll. Comprendre la société

-YsmalColette, Les partis politiques sous la VeRépublique, Paris, Montchrestien, 1998 (rééd.)

Over the lastfour decades, immigration has transformed Western societies, producingsignificant social changes in the ways they conceive themselves as diverse, multicultural,welcoming, or democratic. It has at the same time constantly raised politicaland cultural forms of anxieties, especially about how to control migration andhow to choose the “good” migrants. The overall objective of the course is tounderstand transnational issues, theoretical debates and analytical issues thatshape the study of immigration and integration. The course will introducemigration studies through a sociological lens, with a specific attention toexamine social, political, and historical contexts of immigration, as well asto various actors that make migrations. The course will be mostly anchored inthe cases of European countries and societies, but will also examine othernations, as for instance Canada.

The course isdivided into two main parts.

The firstsection outlines the dynamics of international migrations and the global,social, and racial inequalities that divide them. Why do people move? Can Statecontrol migration, including keeping the “unwanted” migrants out? This sectionwill also focus on the public and private actors of transnational bordercontrol, and will discuss the various and ambiguous categories of internationalmobility: migrant, refugee, asylum seeker, expatriate etc.

The second sectionwill explore debates around the processes through which foreigners incorporateto their adoptive countries and consider how gender, race, class, religion, andage affect the reception and integration of migrants. What do assimilation,integration and multiculturalism mean from one country of immigration toanother? Finally, the section will examine the politicization of immigrationand how it (re) shapes collective action and political competition in hostsocieties.

Students will alsobe required to produce their own primary sources of information regarding livedexperiences of migration. Part of the evaluation will consist in completing aninterview with a migrant (see assessment part below). To complete thisassignment, students will receive teaching and support on sociological methods.During the course, the instructor will address the methodological and ethicalissues related to data collection, specifically adapted to participants insituation of migration and potential vulnerability.

This course isopen to anyone with an interest in immigration and a willingness to examineissues that raise challenging moral, political, and academic questions.Moreover, the course is particularly suitable for students seeking a firstexperience in qualitative research and interested in learning the sociologicalinterview method.

Security is a multidimensional conceptand the sociology of security is a new and exploratory sub-discipline. In thisseminar, students will approach the topic from very different angles. The firstthematic block is dedicated to theory: An overview will be provided of the mostpertinent security theories, ranging from IR, military sociology, topolitical/internal security as well as critical /vernacular theories ofsecurity. As part of the second thematic block, the students will studyparadigmatic changes based on empirical examples from Eastern Europe. The focuswill be, among others, on security sector reform, democratic and civic controlof security governance as well as on societal security. The third block dealswith regional security, tracing broader developments in Eastern Europe in termsof regional security alliances, regional conflicts, and political-militaryissues within the OSCE. The seminar will conclude with a focus on changingperceptions and discourses of security and insecurity in the region sinceFebruary 2022 and impacts on societal cohesion. Alongside the seminar, studentswill be trained to employ methods of analysis both from sociology and politicalsciences.

Assessment - Evaluation

Participation in classdiscussions 10%

Presentation 50%

ResearchInterview 40%

Participation

All students are expected to takethe floor during the class. Participation marks will be assigned according tothe quality and quantity of contributions.

Presentation

Each student must present onceduring the term (in group or alone depending on the number of students). Twopresentation topics are suggested per session. Yourpresentation (French “exposé”) needs to be based on a research question. Itshould be 20 to 25 minutes long and follow a clear structure includingan introduction and a conclusion. Make sure that your presentation isargumentative – i.e. not to descriptive, defending clear arguments – andwell-illustrated – i.e. based on precise examples.

Please upload yourpresentation research question, outline and bibliography onMoodle the day preceding your presentation. All students are expected todownload the documents pertaining to the presentations as the presentation willbe followed by Q&A with the class.

There are already twopresentations during the first session (October 4^th). I will takeinto account this added burden in assessing your work.

Research Interview

All students are expected toconduct a research interview with the person of their choice (provided itremains consistent with the content of the course). Relevant political andadministrative staff, MEPs, experienced aid workers in NGOs, or even scholarscould be interviewed on a subject deemed important by the student in accordancewith the professor (please contact me per e-mail in this regard).

At the end of the semester, allstudents should provide the professor with the transcript of the interview(including the questions asked) and with a short analysis of the interview. Theanalysis itself should be no more than 2000 words and should include adiscussion surrounding the subject you chose in the first place (How did youselect this interviewee? Why? What did the interviewee say? What did he hide?How does it relate to academic concepts you have studied in class? How does itillustrate the phenomenon you wanted to work on? Was the interviewee convincing?Who else could have been interviewed to have a more complete view on thesubject?)

Deadline: December 6^th, 2023

Ever since Ancient Greece, spectacle has played a central, yet highly problematic part in Western societies. Although most of us would agree that social life is all but unimaginable without some form of spectacle, and that some societies have given particular importance to spectacle, we tend to equate spectacle with entertainment, or at the very least consider that it implies a fictional dimension, that it is based on illusion and make-believe—in other words, that it is ultimately futile, if not downright nefarious, especially when certain domains of social life—politics, justice, religion—seem unduly "theatricalized."

However, if we care to explore the nature of spectacle, setting aside the possible—but not inevitable—abuses that it may engender, we realize that it must be regarded as a normal, and even essential form of communication and social life. This requires an effort to redefine spectacle as a "neutral" practice (i.e., without a priori positive or negative value, and without inherent fictionality), but also to take as object of study not 'spectacle' as an abstract construct, but the "spectacle event," an entity with a specific duration and location in space that involves specific groups of people carrying out specific types of actions (performing and spectating). Therefore, we can claim that (for instance) a political rally, a court trial, a religious service are all fundamentally spectacle events; they are defined as such by time/space coordinates and by the simultaneous presence of two parties—performers and spectators—who take on asymmetrical but complementary and equally important roles.

An event-based approach leads to innovative analyses of the functions of spectacle in social communication, and helps debunk a number of commonplaces, not just in the field of performing arts, but in political science and sociology as well.

This seminar will be divided in four parts:

Part I. Session 1 will provide an introduction to the critical approach to the concept of 'spectacle' in reference to other germane operational concepts ('performance', 'spectation', 'attention', 'event', 'politics/policy') and to commonly held (mis)conceptions in various theories or models (by Debord, Baudrillard, Schechner, Vargas Llosa). We will frame spectacle as a type of event in the realm of communication.

Part II. Session 2 is devoted to a historical perspective on the "spectacle controversy" from Ancient Greece to the 20th century, with an aim to show that through the centuries and across cultures, the same elements keep recurring: a defiance towards representation, an unwarranted assumption that spectators are passive, a belief that all spectacle relies on illusion and deception—but also a conviction that spectacle is a powerful political instrument.

Part III. Sessions 3-4-5 will be devoted to readings and analyzing post-WWII foundational documents on the relationships between politics, society and spectacle such as Orwell's 1984 (1948), Goffman's The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life (1956), Debord's The Society of the Spectacle (1967), Baudrillard's The Gulf War Did Not Take Place (1993), and Kellner's Media Spectacle (2003). A series of films that deal with this issue will also be examined, from Welles' Citizen Kane (1941) to Nolfi's The Adjustment Bureau (2011).

Part IV. In Session 6, students will present case studies of recent notable spectacleevents in the political domain broadly conceived. A particular focus will be the often neglected but essential difference between "spectacle"and 'media."

EVALUATION

— Written case study (20-25K characters w/spaces) on a specific political spectacle event: 50%

— In-class exam [1h]: 30%

— Class presentation [10 min]: 20%

SPACE AND POWER

The aim of the course is toreflect on the relationship between space and power: how space shapes anddetermines certain forms of power, and how power in turn takes on specificspatial dimensions. The notions of a territory and national boundaries, e.g., whichseem so self-evident, are in fact a very specific historical construct,elaborated with precise political aims; they also rest on a particularconception of space and of geometry, without which the notion of a territorialnation-state could not have been invented.

More generally, whilephilosophy and political science have abundantly reflected on time as a keycomponent of political regimes, they have regularly neglected space as aninstrument of power, even though it is no less important in establishing,sustaining and reinforcing law, governance and political control. Space is notan empty, hom*ogenous container: it is a social and political reality, which isthe result of social, historical and political power struggles.

The course will considervarious figures and aspects of this spatiality of power; in particular, we willlook at the importance of geometry in creating the conditions for the modernnation-state, notably through the invention of cartography. It will furthershow how spatial thinking allows for fresh conceptual approaches to politicalissues, such as cosmopolitanism, minority rights, property rights orimmigration ethics. We will also look at the relationship between space andstate violence, as is e.g. manifested by phenomena such as ethnic cleansing orforced population displacements; we will also explore the politics of space, orhow given political ideas and values shape and transform space, notably inurban planning.

Reading list(in alphabetical order):

James Akerman, “The Structuring ofPolitical Territory in Early Printed Atlases”, Imago Mundi, Vol. 47, 1995, pp. 138-154.

Etienne Balibar, TheNation Form: History and Ideology

Charles Baudelaire, ThePainter of Modern Life

Charles Beitz, Political Theory and InternationalRelations. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1979, Section 2,pp. 68-130.

Walter Benjamin, “Paris, Capital of the 19^thCentury” in The Arcades Project, pp.15-21.

JeremyBentham, ¨Principles ofthe Civil Code, Part 1, chap. 8, “Of Property”.

Michael Biggs, “Putting the State onthe Map: Cartography, Territory, and European State”, Comparative Studies in Society and History, Vol. 41, No. 2, Apr.1999, pp. 374-405.

Nicholas Blomley, “Law, Property, and the Geographyof Violence: The Frontier, the Survey, and the Grid”, Annals of the Association of American Geographers, Vol. 93, No. 1,Mar. 2003, pp. 121-141.

Jordan Branch, The Cartographic State

Wendy Brown, Walled States, WaningSovereignty, Princeton UP

Joseph Carens, “Aliens and Citizens: TheCase for Open Borders”

Tim Cresswell, In Place/ Out of Place,Minneapolis, Uni. Of Minnesota Press, 1996, Part 1 “The Terrain of Discussion”(ch. 1 and 2)

Michel De Certeau, The Practice of Everyday Life, transl. S.Rendall, Berkeley, Univ. of California Press, 1984, ch. VII “Walking in theCity”, pp. 91-110.

Descartes,Principles of Philosophy, Part II, parag. 1-18.

Matthew Edney, Mapping an Empire – The GeographicalConstruction of British India, 1765-1843, Univ. ofChicago Press, 1990, pp.15-36 and 332-340.

Richard Ford, “Law's Territory (AHistory of Jurisdiction)”, Michigan LawReview, Vol. 97, No. 4, Feb. 1999, pp. 843-930.

MichelFoucault, Power/Knowledge: Selected Interviews and OtherWritings 1972–1977, Colin Gordon (ed.), New York,Pantheon Books, 1980, chap. 8 “The eye of power”.

AnneGodlewska,“Map, Text and Image. The Mentality of Enlightened Conquerors: A New Look at theDescription de l'Egypte”, in Transactions of the Institute of BritishGeographers, Vol. 20, no. 1, 1995, pp. 5-28.

J. B. Harley:

Ø “Deconstructing the Map”, Cartographica, vol. 26,No 2, summer 1989, pp. 1-20.

Ø “Silencesand Secrecy: The Hidden Agenda of Cartography in Early Modern Europe”, ImagoMundi, 40, 1988, pp. 57-76.

David Harvey,

ØCosmopolitanism and the Geographies of Freedom, NY, Columbia University Press, 2009, chap. 8:“Places, regions, territories”, pp. 166-201.

ØRebel Cities

Eric Hobsbawm, Nationsand Nationalism since 1871,Cambridge Univ. Press, 1990, chap.3, pp. 80-89.

Edmund Husserl, Philosophy and The Crisis of the European Man, 1935.

Tim Ingold,Lines - A Brief History, Routledge, chap.3 “Up, across andalong”, pp. 71-90.

LeifJerram, Streetlife,“No place for a lady?”, pp. 121-140.

PatrickJoyce, TheRule of Freedom – Liberalism and the Modern City, Verso, London 2003,Introduction and chap. 1.

Immanuel Kant,

-Critiqueof Pure Reason, Transcendental Aesthetic, Exposition of Space,pp. 42-49

-TowardPerpetual Peace

AlexandreKoyre, From the Closed World to the Infinite Universe, ch.IV and V.

Henri Lefebvre, The Production of Space, transl. D. Nicholson-Smith, Blackwell, London, 1991,pp. 25-33 (parag. XI to XV)

Liisa Malkki, “National Geographic: The Rooting of Peoples and theTerritorialization of National Identity among Scholars and Refugees”, in Cultural Anthropology, 1992

Doreen Massey, For Space, London,Sage, 2005, chap. 11 pp. 107-117 and chap. 14, 149-161

Mark Neoclous, “Off the Map, On Violence and Cartography”, European Journal of Social Theory, 6(4),2003, pp. 409-425.

Gregory Nobles, “Straight Lines andStability: Mapping the Political Order of the Anglo-American Frontier”, The Journal of American History, Vol.80, No. 1, Jun. 1993, pp. 9-35.

Martha Nussbaum, Frontiers of Justice: Disability, Nationality,Species Membership. Cambridge: Belknap Press, 2006, pp.255-270.

Kenneth Olwig,

Ø “Representation andAlienation in the Political Land-scape”, Cultural Geographies, 2005, pp. 19-40.

Ø “The PoliticalLandscape as Polity and Place”, in Landscape,Nature and the Body Politic, Univ. of Wisconsin Press, 2002.

Ricardo Padron, The SpaciousWord – Cartography, Literature, and Empire in Early Modern Spain, Chicago,University of Chicago Press, 2003.

Erwin Panofsky, Perspective as Symbolic Form, Sections III, IV.

John Pickles, “’New Cartographies' and the Decolonization ofEuropean Geographies”, in Area, Vol.37, No. 4, Dec. 2005, pp. 355-364.

Jacques Rancière,Disagreement – Philosophy and Politics

James Romm, The Edges of the Earth in AncientThought

Carol Rose, Property and Persuasion, Westview

Jean-Jacques Rousseau, The Social Contract.

Robert Sack, HumanTerritoriality: Its Theory and History, Cambridge, Cambridge UniversityPress, 1986, chap. 2 “Theory”, pp. 28-44.

Carl Schmitt, The Nomos ofthe Earth in the International Law of the Jus Publicum Europaeum,translated and annotated by G. L. Ulmen, Telos Press, New York 2003, chap. 1“The first global lines”, pp. 86-100.

Georg Simmel, The Stranger

H. D. Thoreau, Walking

David Turnbull, “Cartography and Science in Early Modern Europe:Mapping the Construction of Knowledge Spaces”, Imago Mundi, Vol. 48, 1996, pp. 5-24.

J.-P. Vernant, “Geometry and Spherical Astronomy”, in Myth andThought Among the Greeks, Zone Books, NY, 2006, ch. 7.

Michael Walzer, “Liberalism and the Art of Separation”, Political Theory, Vol. 12, No. 3, Aug.1984, pp. 315-330.

Thongchai Winichakul, Siam Mapped –A History of the Geo-Body of a Nation, Univ. of Hawaï Press, 1994, pp. 1-19and 164-174.

Course requirements and evaluation:

Oral participation isactively encouraged.

The evaluation willconsist of a final paper. Its object, format and deadline will be given duringthe first lecture.

Course outline:

Week 1: General Introduction –Why is Space a Problem for Politics?

Why is space consistentlyabsent from political reflection? The importance of the spatiality of power. Lookingat politics through the prism of space, understanding “geopolitics” in itsoriginal meaning of political geography.

Tim Cresswell, In Place / Out ofPlace, Minneapolis, Uni. of Minnesota Press, 1996, Part 1 “The Terrain ofDiscussion” (ch. 1 and 2)

Michel Foucault, “The Eye of Power”, in Power/Knowledge: SelectedInterviews and Other Writings 1972–1977. Edited byColin Gordon. New York: Pantheon Books, 1980.

HenriLefebvre, The Production of Space, transl. D. Nicholson-Smith, Blackwell,London, 1991, pp. 25-33 (parag. XI to XV)

Liisa Malkki, “NationalGeographic: The Rooting of Peoples and the Territorialization of NationalIdentity among Scholars and Refugees”, CulturalAnthropology, 1992

Weeks 2-3: From the Closed Cosmosto the Infinite Space

Changing conceptions ofspace: from the Aristotelian notion of space and cosmos, and the Greek Oekumene, to the modern expanse. Spaceand Place.

Descartes, Principles ofPhilosophy, Part II, parag. 1-18.

Edmund Husserl, Philosophyand the Crisis of the European Man, 1935.

Kant, Critique of Pure Reason, TranscendentalAesthetic, Exposition of Space, pp. 42-49

Alexandre Koyre, Fromthe Closed World to the Infinite Universe, ch. IV and V, pp. 88-124.

J.-P. Vernant,“Geometry and SphericalAstronomy", in Myth and Thought Among theGreeks, Zone Books, NY, 2006, ch. 7.

Week 4: Linear Perspective andthe Invention of Cartography

A “miraculous conjunction”of geometry and politics: the concomitant emergence of linear perspective andcartography in early modernity, paving the way for the modern polity. Art andscience.

ErwinPanofsky, Perspective as Symbolic Form,Sections III and IV.

David Turnbull, “Cartography and Science in Early Modern Europe: Mappingthe Construction of Knowledge Spaces”, ImagoMundi, Vol. 48, 1996, pp. 5-24.

Weeks 5-6: The National Territory –the Cartographic State and its Imperialist Expansion

What is the specific spatiality of the territorialnation-state? How did it inaugurate a specific relationship between space,representation of space, and power? The link between territory, cartography andsovereignty. Cartography as aprivileged tool of colonial control.

*J. Akerman, “The Structuring of Political Territoryin Early Printed Atlases”, Imago Mundi,Vol. 47, 1995, pp. 138-154.

*Etienne Balibar, The Nation Form: History and Ideology

*Michael Biggs, “Putting the State on the Map: Cartography, Territory,and European State”, Comparative Studiesin Society and History, Vol. 41, No. 2, Apr. 1999, pp. 374-405.

*Edmund Burke, Reflections on the Revolution of France.

*Richard Ford,“Law's Territory (A History of Jurisdiction)”, Michigan Law Review, Vol. 97, No. 4, Feb. 1999, pp. 843-930.

J. B. Harley:

Ø *“Deconstructing the Map”,Cartographica, vol. 26,No 2, summer 1989, pp. 1-20.

Ø “Silences and Secrecy: The Hidden Agenda ofCartography in Early Modern Europe”, Imago Mundi, 40, 1988, pp. 57-76.

EricHobsbawm, Nations and Nationalism since1871.

Mark Neoclous, “Off the Map, On Violence andCartography”, European Journal of Social Theory,6(4), 2003, pp. 409-425.

Gregory Nobles, “StraightLines and Stability: Mapping the Political Order of the Anglo-AmericanFrontier”, The Journal of AmericanHistory, Vol. 80, No. 1, Jun. 1993, pp. 9-35.

*Robert Sack, Human Territoriality: Its Theory and History,Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1986, chap. 2 “Theory”, pp. 28-44.

Michael Walzer,“Liberalism and the Art of Separation”, Political Theory, Vol.12, No. 3, Aug. 1984, pp. 315-330.

Matthew Edney, Mapping an Empire –The Geographical Construction of British India, 1765-1843

Anne Godlewska,“Map, Text and Image. The Mentality of Enlightened Conquerors: A New Look atthe Description de l'Egypte”, Transactions of the Institute of BritishGeographers, Vol. 20, No. 1, 1995, pp. 5-28.

J.B. Harley, “Rereading the Maps of the ColumbianEncounter”, Annals of the Association of AmericanGeographers, Vol. 82, No. 3, Sep. 1992, pp. 522-536.

Ricardo Padron, The Spacious Word – Cartography, Literature,and Empire in Early Modern Spain, Chicago, University of Chicago Press,2003.

John Pickles,“’New Cartographies' and the Decolonization of European Geographies”, Area, Vol. 37, No. 4, Dec. 2005, pp.355-364.

Carl Schmitt, The Nomos of the Earth in the InternationalLaw of the Jus Publicum Europaeum, translated and annotated by G. L. Ulmen,Telos Press, New York 2003.

ThongchaiWinichakul, Siam Mapped – A History ofthe Geo-Body of a Nation

Week 7: Applying SpatialThinking: The Philosophical and Political Problem of Cosmopolitanism, ImmigrationEthics

Is it possible to overcomethe spatiality of national territoriality and think the conditions ofpossibility of cosmopolitanism?

Charles Beitz, PoliticalTheory and International Relations. Princeton: Princeton UniversityPress, 1979, pp. 68-130.

ImmanuelKant, Project of Perpetual Peace

Martha Nussbaum, Frontiers ofJustice: Disability, Nationality, Species Membership. Cambridge,Belknap Press, 2006, pp.255-270.

JohnRawls, The Law of Peoples, Cambridge,Harvard University Press

PeterSinger, One World: The Ethics of Globalization. New Haven: YaleUniversity Press, 2002.

Week 8: Odd Spaces: Underground Spaces, Outer Space

Week 9: Visualising Property

The extremely potent spatialpower of private property. How private property, the institutionalization ofwhich is one of the main features of the modern nation-state, is based on aparticular spatiality.

Jeremy Bentham, “Security and Equality of Property”,in Property: Mainstream and CriticalPositions, ed. by B. MacPherson, Toronto, University of Toronto Press,1978, pp. 39-58.

NicholasBlomley, “Law, Property, and the Geography of Violence: The Frontier, theSurvey, and the Grid”, Annals of theAssociation of American Geographers, Vol. 93, No. 1, Mar. 2003, pp.121-141.

Andrew McRae, “To Know One's Own: Estate Surveyingand the Representation of the Land in Early Modern England”, The Huntington Library Quarterly,University of California Press, 1993, 56, No. 4, pp. 333-357.

Jean-Jacques Rousseau, The Social Contract

Carol Rose

Locke

Waldron

Moby Dick

Rousseau

Week 10: A Political Concept: TheInvention of the Landscape

The notion of landscape is acombination of geometry and a very modern notion of the individual and thepolity, and embodies a particular relationship between man and the environment.The concept of landscape as a key tool to understanding a new relationship tonature, and to the Anthropocene.

KennethOlwig,

Ø“Representation andAlienation in the Political Land-scape”, CulturalGeographies, 2005, pp. 19-40.

Ø“The Political Landscape as Polity and Place”, in Landscape, Nature and the Body Politic,Univ. of Wisconsin Press, 2002.

Week 11: The City. Urban Space

How cities originate from, and are shaped, by specificpolitical ideas. Cities and citizenship. The political meaning of urbanity.Gendered Space.

Michel De Certeau, The Practice ofEveryday Life, transl. S. Rendall, Berkeley, Univ. of California Press,1984, ch. VII “Walking in the City”, pp. 91-110.

Leif Jerram, Streetlife – The Untold History of Europe’s Twentieth Century, OxfordU. Press, 2013.

Patrick Joyce, The Rule of Freedom – Liberalism and theModern City, Verso, London 2003.

Doreen Massey, For Space, London,Sage, 2005, chap. 11 pp. 107-117 and chap. 14, 149-161

Sadia Shirazi, “City, Space, Power: Lahore’s Architecture ofIn/security”, The Funambulist, Papers36.

Week 12: Walking.

Charles Baudelaire, The Painter of Modern Life

Walter Benjamin, “Paris,Capital of the 19^th Century” in TheArcades Project, pp. 15-21.

Tim Ingold, Lines – A Brief History.

Kierkegaard, TheConcept of Irony, transl. Hong, Princeton Univ. Press.

Thoreau, Walking.

AC Habbard

PPE

23-24

“Space Oddity”

Odd Spaces and Their Meaning

CoursePresentation:

This seminar will look at all these odd places whichdistance us, geographically, but also socially, politically or psychologically,from our daily lives and our spatial habits; and which, thereby, force us tosee or think differently our relationship to the world. From Thomas More’sutopia to Foucault’s heterotopia and to the Gilles Clément’s inspired ‘third-places’,all these weird spaces – be they fascinating, liberating or frightening – helpus understand our mode of being in the world, and even understand the worlditself.

We will look at the long debate about the ends of theworld; at the underground world, perceived as hellish and obscure; at aerialand extra-terrestrial space. What do they tell us about our relationship toEarth?

On the Earth itself, how do we relate to oceans, longviewed as both terrifying and godly; to sacred spaces, and to liminal placessuch as the forest, the abyss, the strait, the island?

What does travel tell us about our spatial mode ofbeing? Magellan’s journey is not the same type of travel as the medievalcrusade, or the Middle Passage for African slaves; nor can either of those belikened to an EasyJet trip to Marbella. Why and how do we move? What do we callexoticism? The freedom of travel will shed some light on the metaphysicalconcept of freedom.

We will also take a look at the separation of spaces:the wall, the fortified enclosure, the border, and its multiple avatars. Whohas a right to be where? The centre is normal, and normative: the periphery isviewed as abnormal, but also as decadent, immoral, a space of moral depravity.But is exile necessarily anomalous? The issue of territory andterritorialisation is here at stake.

All these marginal spaces will allow us to reflect onhuman spatiality, and, more generally, on the way we construct our environment,our landscape, and our mode of dwelling in the world. The theme of theanamorphosis will be used as a metaphor to learn to see what we think we seedifferently.

CourseOutline:

Week 1:Introduction

Thinking about the human being’s spatiality and modeof being in the wold. Space and place, here and there. Anamorphosis as ametaphor. Landscape and the Anthropocene.

Week 2:The Ends of the World

The Ancients’ ‘Oekumene’. The edges of the knownworld; what is a Terra incognita?

Week 3:Air- and Extra-terrestrial Space

How the Earth became a globe, and the human being, aflying and cosmic being. Evading the boundaries of terrestrial, Earth-boundlife.

Week 4:The Underworld

The myth and history of our relationship tounderground spaces, both hell and liberation.

Week 5:The Sea, the Ocean, the Desert

Un-inhabitable places, both monstrous and godly. Thequestion of the sublime.

Week 6:The Island

The utopia, the insular mythology. This island as bothget-away and prison.

Week 7:Walls, Borders, Enclosures, Frontiers

The separation of spaces. Closing in, the politicalrole of exclusion.

Week 8:Travels

What is exoticism? The meaning of mobility

Week 9:The City and its Singular Spaces

The ghetto, the brothel, ruins, urban wastelands…Walking in the city.

ProvisionalBibliography (Fr/En):

Hannah Arendt, TheHuman Condition, U. of Chicago Press, 1958.

Etienne Balibar, Nous, citoyens d'Europe ? Les frontières, l'État, lepeuple, Paris, La Découverte, 2001

Walter Benjamin,Paris, Capital of the 19th Century.

Wendy Brown, WalledStates, Waning Sovereignties, Princeton UP, 2010.

Michelde Certeau, L’Invention du quotidien,Tomes 1 et 2, Folio Classiques, 1990 et 1994.

GillesClément, Manifeste du Tiers paysage,éd. du Commun, 2020.

James Clifford, Routes.Travel and Translation in the Late 20^th-century, Harvard UP,1997.

Tim Cresswell, Onthe Move – Mobility in Modern Western World, Routledge 2006.

GillesDeleuze, L’Île déserte et autres textes, Paris,éd. de Minuit, 2002.

Vilhelm Flusser, The Freedom ofthe Migrant: Objections to Nationalism, U of Illinois press, 2003

Michel Foucault, «Desespaces autres»,Conférence au Cercle d’étudesarchitecturales, 14 mars 1967, inArchitecture, Mouvement,Continuité, no 5 (1984):46-49.

Frédéric Gros, Marcher – Une philosophie, Pairs, Flammarion, 2019.

EricHazan, L’Invention de Paris – Il n’y a pasde pas perdus, Paris, Points, 2004.

Peter Hopkirk, Trespasserson the Roof of the World, Oxford UP, 1993.

EdmundHusserl,

-La Terrene se meut pas

-La Crise des sciences européennes

Leif Jerram, Streetlife:The Untold History of Europe's Twentieth Century, Oxford UP, 2013.

HenriLefebvre, La Production de l’espace

Kant, Perpetual Peace

-Critiqueof Judgment

RobertMcFarlane, Underland, Les Arènes,2020.

OlivierRemaud, Penser comme un iceberg,Actes Sud, 2020.

James Romm, TheEdges of the Earth in Ancient Thought, Princeton UP, 2019.

Edward Said, Reflectionson Exile, Granta Books, 2012.

CarSchmitt,

-TheNomos of the Earth

-Land andSea

VictorSegalen, Essai sur l’exotisme, Livrede Poche, 2007.

Richard Sennett,“Fear of Touching: The Jewish Ghetto in Renaissance Venice,” in Flesh andStone: The Body and the City in Western Civilization, New York, Norton& Co, 1996.

Peter Sloterdijk, Spheres(vol. 1 and 2).

PeterSzendy, Kant chez les extraterrestres,Paris, éd. de Minuit, 2011.

H.Thoreau, Walking

Paul Zumthor, «Lieux et espaces au moyen-âge», inDalhousie French Studies, Vol. 30,printemps 1995, pp. 3-10.

Cette introduction à lascience politique de l’Union européenne a pour objectif de présenter lesprincipaux acquis et les principaux débats de la recherche en science politiquesur l’Union européenne. Après une introduction expliquant en quoi l’Union européennepeut et doit être étudiée comme un objet proprement politique, qui peut êtresaisi par les concepts et les méthodes classiques de la science politique, lecours sera structuré autour de trois grandes parties (pourquoi l’Unioneuropéenne et que fait-elle, qui détient le pouvoir dans l’Union européenne, aunom de qui gouverne-t-on l’Union européenne). Pour ce faire, le coursmobilisera les différentes approches de la science politique (sociologiepolitique, socio-histoire, étude de l’action publique, théorie politique) afind’éclairer le fonctionnement de l’Union européenne ainsi que les enjeux del’actualité européenne.

AC Habbard

Ahabbard@univ-lille.fr

23-24 Sem 1

Theories of War

The course will look at war from a theoreticalperspective, and will attempt to answer a series of questions throughout thesemester:

-What distinguishes war from other forms of violence, and whatis the relationship between war andpolitics? What role does war play in the constitution of the variouspolitical regimes, and specifically that of the nation-state? The nation-stateis probably the most ruthlessly efficient war machine ever invented – is it howwe are to understand the observation that war is the ‘health of the state’?

-What are the causes of war? Can we eradicate the causes ofwar, and what are the conditions for a “perpetual peace”? Is cosmopolitanismone of them, as some 18^th century theorists thought, or would it onthe contrary only unleash even more violence? Can war be a rational move, eventhough it seems at first sight to be an eminently irrational event?

-What is the relationship between law and war? What are the (moral, political or other) conditions ofpossibility of the legality of war? Is war to be understood as outside theframework of any law, or is it simply governed by a different set of rules?This opens the debate of the Just War theory and its contemporary avatars. Canwar be outlawed?

-

-What is the relationship between war and religion, or moregenerally between war and the sacred?Why is it that war has very often been assimilated to a form of the sacred, inspite of its massacres, killings and general defilement of humanity?

-Why has war been an object of predilection of literature and art? We will attempt toanalyse why, while poetry or art would seem radically antagonistic to thehorrors of war, they might on the contrary be the truest way to remember them.Can war be memorialised in a comic form? Should it? We will here look at therelationship between ethics and aesthetics.

-What is the conceptual specificity of civil war?

-Is there a conceptual, political and strategic specificity ofcontemporary warfare? Do the ‘new wars’ differ in kind or in degree fromtraditional inter-state wars? Does the famed RMA (Revolution in MilitaryAffairs) really constitute a “revolution”? More generally, why did the 20^thcentury show such an uncanny creativity in war, with its invention oftotalitarianism, genocide, terrorism, and guerrilla warfare, whereas it hadprecisely decided to outlaw it?

List of suggestedreadings (in alphabetical order):

Jean Amery, At the Mind’s Limits, Bloomington, Indiana Univ. Press1980, pp. 1-40

ThomasAquinas, Summa Theologica, II, 40, “On War”.

HannahArendt,

-The Origins ofTotalitarianism, pp. 119-156

-On Violence, Harvest 1970, pp.51-55and 66-87.

Talal Asad,

-On Suicide Bombing, pp. 58-64

-“Thinking about Terrorism and Just War” Cambridge Review of International Affairs, vol. 23, No 1, March2010, pp. 3-24.

Robert Axelrod, The Evolution of Cooperation, Basic Books, NY 1984, pp. 73-87(Ch. 4).

GeoffreyBest, War and Law since 1945, chap 7 “Humanitarian Practice and the Laws of War” and chap. 8“Methods and Means”

Richard Betts, The Delusion of Impartial Intervention, Foreign Affairs, November/December1994.

Philip Bobbitt, TheShield of Achilles: War, Peace and the Course of History, London: Allen Lane, 2002.

JudithButler,

-Frames of War: When isLife Grievable?, Verso Books, 2010

Greg Cashman, WhatCauses War? An Introduction to Theoriesof International Conflict, chap. 7 “International Interaction: Game Theoryand Deterrence Theory”, pp 193-223 and chap. 10: Conclusion, pp. 279-288.

Carl vonClausewitz,On War, transl. J.J. Graham, Book I,chap. 1-2.

Mark Danner, “Torture and the Forever War”, TheTanner Lectures on Human Values, April 2010.

AlfredEinstein and Sigmund Freud, Correspondence1931-32: “Why War?”

Daniel Gilbert, “He Who Cast the First StoneProbably Didn’t”, International Herald Tribune 24 July 2006.

Dave Grossman, On Killing, Back Bay Books 1995, SectionI, “Killing and the Existence of Resistance”, and Section II, chap I, pp. 5-50.

Hugo Grotius, On the Law of War and Peace, transl. A.C. Campbell, Book I, Chap.1-3.

G.W.F. Hegel,

- Phenomenology of Mind, transl. J.B. Baillie,“Self-Consciousness”, parag. 178-190.

-Philosophy of Right, transl. S.W. Dyde,parag. 321-329.

ThomasHobbes, Leviathan, chap. XIII, XVIII.

David Hume, Enquiry Concerning the Principles of Morals, Section 3

ErnstJunger, Storm of Steel (1920), Penguin 1978, pp.86-93.

Stathis Kalyvas, “’New’ and ‘Old’ Civil wars – AValid Distinction?”, in World Politics, 54,October 2011, 99-118.

Immanuel Kant,

-Science of Right, Section II. The Rightsof Nations and International Law

-Perpetual Peace: APhilosophical Sketch.

-Critique of Judgment, “Analytical of theSublime”

Andrew Kydd and Barbara Walter, “The Strategies ofTerrorism”, in International Security,vol. 31, No 1 (summer 2006), pp. 49-80.

NiccoloMacchiavelli, The Prince, Chap. VI, X, XIV,XVII, XXIV-XXV.

Karl Marxand Friedrich Engels, The Communist Manifesto, Chap. 2.

ThomasNagel, “War and Massacre”, in Philosophy & Public Affairs, Vol. 1, No. 2 (Winter, 1972), pp.123-144.

MarkNeoclous, “Off the Map, On Violence and Cartography”, European Journal of Social Theory, 6(4),2003, pp. 409-425.

Barry Posen, “The Security Dilemma and EthnicConflict”, in Survival, vol. 35, no1, Spring 1993, pp. 27-47.

Carl Schmitt, TheNomos of the Earth, Part III, chap 1, “The Jus Publicum Europaeum”, pp. 140-152; Part IV “The Question of a New Nomosof the Earth”, chap. 4 -5, pp. 240-280.

Sun Tzu, The Art of War, transl. Lionel Giles, chap I-XIII.

Legaldocuments (available onavalon.law.yale.edu)

-1928 Briand Kellogg Pact on the Renunciation of War

-1948 UN Convention for the Prevention and Punishment of theCrime of Genocide

-Geneva Conventions on the Laws of War 1864-1975, especiallythe 1949 Conventions

-Code of Hammurabi 1780 BC

-The 1494 Treaty of Tordesillas between Spain and Portugal.

-Second Lateran Council, Canon 29, 1139 A.D., banning the useof crossbows.

Iconography:

Otto Dix, The Match Seller

Flanders

Goya,El Tres de Mayo

Disasters of War (Series of Etchings)

Picasso,Guernica

JohnSinger Sargent, Gassed

NaramSin Victory Stele

Emperor Akbar’s Mahabharata,or the Razmnama

Equestrian portrait of Aurangzeb Mughal

MughalArmy Elephants

Movies:

-The Thin Red Line, dir.TerrenceMalick, 1998

-The Deer Hunter, dir. Michael Cimino, 1978.

-LaVita è Bella (Life isBeautiful), dir. Roberto Benigni, 1997.

-All Quiet on the WesternFront, dir.Lewis Milestone, 1930.

-TinDrum, dir. Volker Schlöndorff, 1979

-The Battle of Algiers, dir. Gilles Pontecorvo,1966.

-Apocalypse Now, dir. Francis Coppola,1979.

-The Bridge over the RiverKwai,dir. David Lean, 1957.

-Lawrence of Arabia, dir. David Lean, 1962.

-Kingdom of Heaven, dir. Ridley Scott, 2005.

-Platoon, dir. Oliver Stone, 1986.

-Full Metal Jacket, dir. Stanley Kubrick,1987.

-The Paths of Glory, dir. Stanley Kubrick,1957.

-Gallipoli, dir. Peter Weir, 1981.

-Enemy at the Gates, dir. Jean-Jacques Annaud,2001.

-Das Boot, dir. Wolfgang Petersen,1981.

-Waterloo, dir. Sergey Bondarchuk, 1970.

-Downfall, dir. Oliver Hirschbiegel, 2004.

-Tora! Tora! Tora!, dir. Richard Fleischer, Kinji f*ckasaku, 1970.

Documentaries:

-The World at War, BBC

-The Fog of War, ErrolMorris and Robert McNamara, 2003.

CourseOutline:

Weeks 1: What is War?

What is the difference between war and collectiveviolence in general? Is there any specificity of war, understood as inter-stateconflict? War as game and contest.

Carl von Clausewitz, On War, Book I, chap. 1.

Hegel, Phenomenologyof Mind, “Self-Consciousness”, parag. 178-190.

Thomas Hobbes, Leviathan,chap. XIII, XVIII.

Week 2: What Causes War?

What are the causes of war? Is it attributable tohuman nature? Or rather, to international relations, and/or to dysfunctionalrelationships within the polity itself? Security dilemmas.

Robert Axelrod, TheEvolution of Cooperation, Basic Books, NY 1984, pp. 73-87 (Ch. 4).

Greg Cashman, What CausesWar? An Introduction to Theories of International Conflict

chap. 7“International Interaction: Game Theory and Deterrence Theory”, pp 193-223 and

chap. 10:Conclusion, pp. 279-288.

DanielGilbert, “He Who Cast the First Stone Probably Didn’t”, International HeraldTribune 24 July 2006.

Alfred Einstein and Sigmund Freud, Correspondence 1931-32: “Why War?”

Barry Posen, “The Security Dilemma and EthnicConflict”, in Survival, vol. 35, no1, Spring 1993, pp. 27-47.

Kenneth Waltz, Man,the State and War, Introduction.

Week 3: War and the Nation-State. Theatres of War.

The nation-state as the most ruthless war machine everinvented.

PhilipBobbitt, The Shield of Achilles: War, Peace and the Course of History,London: Allen Lane, 2002: chap. 8 “From State-Nations to Nation-States1776-1914”, pp. 150-178 till “...other parts of Europe”.

Niccolo Macchiavelli, The Prince, Chap. VI, X, XIV, XVII, XXIV-XXV.

Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, The Communist Manifesto,Chap. 2

Mark Neoclous, “Off the Map, On Violence andCartography”, European Journal of SocialTheory, 6(4), 2003, pp. 409-425.

J.J. Rousseau, Considerationson the Government of Poland, Chap. I-V, XII, XV.

Week 4: War and Technology; War and Cartography

The impact of technology on warfare. How military mapsplayed a decisive role in the way we visualise not just conflict, butnation-states themselves.

Weeks 5-6: Law and War.

The issue of Just War Theory. Its origins, debates,contemporary avatars. Jus in Bello, Jus ad Bellum. Humanitarian Interventions.Can war be morally justifiable? Are there some intrinsically evil orunjustifiable weapons?

Thomas Aquinas,Summa Theologica, II, 40, “OnWar”.

GeoffreyBest, War and Law since 1945, chap 7“Humanitarian Practice and the Laws of War” and chap. 8“Methods and Means”.

RichardBetts, The Delusionof Impartial Intervention, Foreign Affairs, November/December 1994.

Hugo Grotius, Onthe Law of War and Peace, transl. A.C. Campbell, Book I, Chap. 1-3.

David Hume, Enquiry Concerning the Principles of Morals,Section 3.

Immanuel Kant,Science of Right, Section II. TheRights of Nations and International Law.

Carl Schmitt, The Nomos of the Earth, Part III, chap1, “the Jus Publicum Europaeum”, pp.140-152; Part IV “The Question of aNew Nomos of the Earth”, chap. 4 -5,pp. 240-280.

Week 7: The Psychology of Warfare

Killing does not come naturally: how does one become akiller? What are the effects on the constitution of the self? How does onesurvive war, how does one survive torture?

Jean Amery, At the Mind’s Limits, pp. 1-40.

Weeks 8-9: War and the Sacred; War and Art

Why has war so often been assimilated to a form of thesacred? Why has it fascinated so many philosophers? War and religion. War andliterature, war and art. What is the specificity of artistic, literaryapproaches to war? What do they say about war which neither philosophy norpolitical science can say? Is the aestheticisation of war ethically neutral?

G.W.F. Hegel, Philosophyof Right, transl. S.W. Dyde, parag. 321-329.

Ernst Junger, Stormof Steel (1920), Penguin 1978, pp. 86-93.

Wilfred Owen, Poems1914-18

Week 10: The Specificity of Civil War

StathisKalyvas, “’New’ and ‘Old’ Civil wars – A Valid Distinction?”, in World Politics, 54, October 2011,99-118.

Week 11: Peace, Resistance

Is peace only the absence of war? What would be theconditions of possibility of perpetual peace?

Immanuel Kant, PerpetualPeace: A Philosophical Sketch.

Week 13: New Wars: Genocide, Totalitarianism, Guerrilla Warfare,Terrorism

Hannah Arendt,The Origins of Totalitarianism, pp. 119-156

Talal Asad,

-On Suicide Bombing, pp. 58-64

-“Thinking about Terrorism and Just War” Cambridge Review of International Affairs, vol. 23, No 1, March2010, pp. 3-24.

Mark Danner,“Torture and the Forever War”, The Tanner Lectures on Human Values, April 2010.

Andrew Kyddand Barbara Walter, “The Strategies of Terrorism”, in International Security, vol. 31, No 1 (summer 2006), pp. 49-80

Ce cours de 24 heures propose une introduction à l’un des sous-champs de la science politique. L’objectif de ce cours est d’abord d’offrir aux étudiant.es de première année des connaissances élémentaires et des repères sur les grandes idées passées et présentes qui structurent nos manières de penser et de dire le politique.

S’appuyant sur les renouvellements récents de la pensée politique et de l’histoire des idées, il mobilise les méthodes et les notions issues des sciences sociales; soucieux de ne pas substantialiser les idées mais de les restituer dans leur contexte social de production et de réception, il vise à mettre l’accent sur les différents canaux par lesquels elles se fabriquent, circulent et sont appropriées, au-delà des œuvres des «grands» auteurs consacrés.

Le cours sera organisé en 12 leçons de 2h. Après une introduction générale présentant les principales méthodes et approches de l’histoire sociale des idées politiques, chaque séance sera consacrée à un thème spécifique, suivant une progression relativement linéaire (i.e. chronologique) visant à favoriser la compréhension pour les étudiant.es.